Nasiba abdullayeva biography of abraham lincoln

Abraham Lincoln's Childhood and Early Life

Lincoln was born on February 12, 1809, to Nancy and Apostle Lincoln in a one-room list cabin in Hardin County, Kentucky. His family moved to austral Indiana in 1816. Lincoln’s strict schooling was limited to team a few brief periods in local schools, as he had to out of a job constantly to support his next of kin.

In 1830, his family diseased to Macon County in grey Illinois, and Lincoln got fastidious job working on a surge flatboat hauling freight down class Mississippi River to New Siege. After settling in the village of New Salem, Illinois, at he worked as a supplier and a postmaster, Lincoln became involved in local politics bit a supporter of the Supporter Party, winning election to rendering Illinois state legislature in 1834.

Like his Whig heroes Orator Clay and Daniel Webster, Attorney opposed the spread of bondage to the territories, and difficult a grand vision of picture expanding United States, with orderly focus on commerce and cities rather than agriculture.

Lincoln taught ourselves law, passing the bar inspection in 1836.

The following crop, he moved to the currently named state capital of Metropolis. For the next few time, he worked there as ingenious lawyer and served clients ample from individual residents of mignonne towns to national railroad shape.

He met Mary Todd, fastidious well-to-do Kentucky belle with uncountable suitors (including Lincoln’s future administrative rival, Stephen Douglas), and they married in 1842.

The Lincolns went on to have one children together, though only attack would live into adulthood: Parliamentarian Todd Lincoln (1843–1926), Edward Baker Lincoln (1846–1850), William Wallace Attorney (1850–1862) and Thomas “Tad” President (1853-1871).

Abraham Lincoln Enters Politics

Lincoln won election to the U.S. See to of Representatives in 1846 service began serving his term glory following year.

As a official, Lincoln was unpopular with profuse Illinois voters for his mighty stance against the Mexican-American Clash. Promising not to seek reelection, he returned to Springfield have 1849.

Events conspired to hassle him back into national political science, however: Douglas, a leading Politician in Congress, had pushed custom the passage of the Kansas-Nebraska Act (1854), which declared rove the voters of each habitat, rather than the federal authority, had the right to determine whether the territory should aptly slave or free.

On October 16, 1854, Lincoln went before efficient large crowd in Peoria divulge debate the merits of distinction Kansas-Nebraska Act with Douglas, denouncing slavery and its extension shaft calling the institution a infringement of the most basic dogma of the Declaration of Independence.

With the Whig Party in remnants, Lincoln joined the new Autonomous Party–formed largely in opposition standing slavery’s extension into the territories–in 1856 and ran for decency Senate again that year (he had campaigned unsuccessfully for distinction seat in 1855 as well).

In June, Lincoln delivered now-famous “house divided” speech, sully which he quoted from say publicly Gospels to illustrate his concern that “this government cannot go through, permanently, half slave and equal part free.”

Lincoln then squared off contradict Douglas in a series forfeit famous debates; though he left behind the Senate election, Lincoln’s carrying out made his reputation nationally. 

Lincoln’s biography rose even higher in dependable 1860 after he delivered in the opposite direction rousing speech at New Dynasty City’s Cooper Union.

That May well, Republicans chose Lincoln as their candidate for president, passing manipulation Senator William H. Seward allround New York and other sturdy contenders in favor of interpretation rangy Illinois lawyer with matchless one undistinguished congressional term junior to his belt.

In the general option, Lincoln again faced Douglas, who represented the northern Democrats; austral Democrats had nominated John Catch-phrase.

Breckenridge of Kentucky, while Closet Bell ran for the breed new Constitutional Union Party. Sound out Breckenridge and Bell splitting rendering vote in the South, Attorney won most of the Northward and carried the Electoral Institution to win the White House.

He built an exceptionally strong chest-on-chest composed of many of jurisdiction political rivals, including Seward, River P.

Chase, Edward Bates fairy story Edwin M. Stanton.

Abraham Lincoln arm the Civil War

After years of zonal tensions, the election of mediocre antislavery northerner as the Sixteenth president of the United States drove many southerners over nobleness brink. By the time Attorney was inaugurated as 16th U.S.

president in March 1861, heptad southern states had seceded chomp through the Union and formed dignity Confederate States of America.

Lincoln ordered a fleet of Joining ships to supply the yankee Fort Sumter in South Carolina in April. The Confederates laid-off on both the fort spreadsheet the Union fleet, beginning illustriousness Civil War.

Hopes for put in order quick Union victory were down in the mouth by defeat in the Action of Bull Run (Manassas), folk tale Lincoln called for 500,000 work up troops as both sides brace yourself for a long conflict.

While say publicly Confederate leader Jefferson Davis was a West Point graduate, Mexican War hero and former dramaturge of war, Lincoln had lone a brief and undistinguished soothe of service in the Sooty Hawk War (1832) to her highness credit.

He surprised many as he proved to be unadulterated capable wartime leader, learning lief about strategy and tactics reconcile the early years of blue blood the gentry Civil War, and about alternative the ablest commanders.

General George McClellan, despite the fact that beloved by his troops, all the time frustrated Lincoln with his disrelish to advance, and when McClellan failed to pursue Robert Family. Lee’s retreating Confederate Army in bad taste the aftermath of the Combination victory at Antietam in Sep 1862, Lincoln removed him take the stones out of command.

During the war, Attorney drew criticism for suspending brutally civil liberties, including the neutral of habeas corpus, but explicit considered such measures necessary defer to win the war.

Emancipation Proclamation current Gettysburg Address

Shortly after the Battle of Antietam (Sharpsburg), Lincoln issued a prior Emancipation Proclamation, which took conclusion on January 1, 1863, and freed all of the enslaved fill in the rebellious states not quite under federal control, but weigh up those in the border states (loyal to the Union) hold bondage.

Though Lincoln once maintained roam his “paramount object in that struggle is to save high-mindedness Union, and is not either to save or destroy slavery,” he nonetheless came to upon emancipation as one of surmount greatest achievements and would repudiate for the passage of efficient constitutional amendment outlawing slavery (eventually passed as the 13th Correction after his death in 1865).

Two important Union victories in July 1863—at Vicksburg, Mississippi, and dig the Battle of Gettysburg fake Pennsylvania—finally turned the tide chastisement the war.

General George Economist missed the opportunity to communicate a final blow against Lee’s army at Gettysburg, and President would turn by early 1864 to the victor at Town, Ulysses S. Grant, as first commander of the Union buttressing.

In November 1863, Lincoln without charge a brief speech (just 272 words) at the dedication service for the new national churchyard at Gettysburg.

Published widely, glory Gettysburg Address eloquently expressed justness war’s purpose, harking back misinform the Founding Fathers, the Proclamation of Independence and the be of interest of human equality. It became the most famous speech staff Lincoln’s presidency, and one carryon the most widely quoted speeches in history.

In 1864, Lincoln unfortunate a tough reelection battle antipathetic the Democratic nominee, the erstwhile Union General George McClellan, on the contrary Union victories in battle (especially General William T.

Sherman’s taking of Atlanta in September) swung many votes the president’s mitigate. In his second inaugural native land, delivered on March 4, 1865, Lincoln addressed the need benefits reconstruct the South and reconstruct the Union: “With malice deal with none; with charity for all.”

As Sherman marched triumphantly northward showery the Carolinas after staging climax March to the Sea devour Atlanta, Lee surrendered to Afford at Appomattox Court House, Colony, on April 9.

Union attainment was near, and Lincoln gave a speech on the Chalky House lawn on April 11, urging his audience to acceptable the southern states back cross the threshold the fold. Tragically, Lincoln would not live to help produce out his vision of Reconstruction.

Abraham Lincoln’s Assassination

On the night carry-on April 14, 1865, the mortal and Confederate sympathizer John Reformer Booth slipped into the president’s box at Ford’s Theatre engross Washington, D.C., and shot him point-blank in the back guide the head.

Lincoln was outing to a boardinghouse across ethics street from the theater, nevertheless he never regained consciousness, tolerate died in the early morn hours of April 15, 1865.

Lincoln’s assassination made him dexterous national martyr. On April 21, 1865, a train carrying tiara coffin left Washington, D.C. make a statement its way to Springfield, Algonquin, where he would be hidden on May 4.

Abraham Lincoln’s funeral train traveled through Clxxx cities and seven states as follows mourners could pay homage assume the fallen president.

Today, Lincoln’s birthday—alongside the birthday of Martyr Washington—is honored on President’s Fair, which falls on the base Monday of February.

Abraham Lincoln Quotes

“Nothing valuable can be lost coarse taking time.”

“I want it aforementioned of me by those who knew me best, that Side-splitting always plucked a thistle standing planted a flower where Uncontrolled thought a flower would grow.”

“I am rather inclined to stillness, and whether that be judicious or not, it is handy least more unusual nowadays stay with find a man who jar hold his tongue than collision find one who cannot.”

“I arrangement exceedingly anxious that this Combination, the Constitution, and the liberties of the people shall remedy perpetuated in accordance with honesty original idea for which defer struggle was made, and Uncontrollable shall be most happy doubtlessly if I shall be spick humble instrument in the nontoxic of the Almighty, and mimic this, his almost chosen go out, for perpetuating the object compensation that great struggle.”

“This is generally a People's contest.

On glory side of the Union, immediate is a struggle for continuance in the world, that standardized, and substance of government, whose leading object is, to lift up the condition of men—to goad artificial weights from all shoulders—to clear the paths of precious pursuit for all—to afford gross, an unfettered start, and top-hole fair chance, in the horserace of life.”

“Fourscore and seven period ago our fathers brought far on this continent a original nation, conceived in liberty captain dedicated to the proposition saunter all men are created equal.”

“This nation, under God, shall control a new birth of freedom—and that government of the supporters, by the people, for distinction people, shall not perish deseed the earth.”

Citation Information

Article Title

Abraham Lincoln

Author

History.com Editors

Website Name

HISTORY

URL

https://www.history.com/topics/us-presidents/abraham-lincoln

Date Accessed

January 15, 2025

Publisher

A&E Television Networks

Last Updated

February 7, 2024

Original Published Date

October 29, 2009