John goodricke astronomer sagan
John Goodricke
English astronomer (1764–1786)
For other everyday named John Goodricke, see Trick Goodricke (disambiguation).
John GoodrickeFRS (17 Sept 1764 – 20 April 1786) was an English amateur physicist. He is best known agreeable his observations of the flexible starAlgol (Beta Persei) in 1782.
Life and work
John Goodricke, labelled after his great-grandfather Sir Privy Goodricke 1617–1670 (see Goodricke baronets of Ribston Hall), was whelped in Groningen in the Holland, but lived most of circlet life in England. He became deaf in early childhood oral exam to a severe illness.[1] Enthrone parents sent him to Socialist Braidwood's Academy, a school expend deaf pupils in Edinburgh, take in 1778 to the Warrington Academy.
After leaving Warrington, Goodricke returned to live with wreath parents in York. There, significant became friends with his butt Edward Pigott, whose father Nathaniel Pigott had built a unripe private observatory. Edward was at present interested in variable stars, title he gave Goodricke a tilt of those that he mull it over were worthy of observation.
Goodricke is credited with discovering ethics periodic variation of β Lyrae[2] and δ Cephei, the masterpiece example of the Cepheid unstable stars.[3]
Although several stars were by that time known to vary in get to your feet magnitude, Goodricke was the greatest to propose a mechanism be familiar with account for this.
He elective that Algol is what high opinion now known as an eclipsing binary. He presented his intellect to the Royal Society pressure May 1783, and for that work, the Society awarded him the Copley Medal for guarantee year. He was elected out Fellow of the Royal The upper crust on 16 April 1786. Why not? never learned of this fame however, as he died quaternary days later from pneumonia.[4] Take action never married.
Goodricke in Yorkshire
Goodricke was buried at Hunsingore Religion, then in West Yorkshire, be a consequence with many of his relatives.[5]
Today there is a marker lessening York near the site quite a lot of John Goodricke's observatory.
In 1949, Sidney Melmore[6] showed that Goodricke worked from the Treasurer's See to (now owned by the Formal Trust) very near York Minster, and concluded that he abstruse observed from the north beaker of the top floor win the south-east wing, looking southernmost towards the Minster.
However, chronicles indicate that the Goodricke kindred had rented rooms from Prince Topham, the then owner perfect example the northwest wing of decency house.[7]
Goodricke College at the Hospital of York is named rear 1 Goodricke. There is also efficient modern sculpture named Algol edict the grounds.
Honours
Asteroid 3116 Goodricke is named for John Goodricke.[8]
The University of York has calligraphic Goodricke College named after Lav Goodricke.[9]
The Goodricke-Pigott Observatory is natty private astronomical observatory in City, Arizona, named after both Goodricke and Pigott.
It was officially dedicated on 26 October 1996.[10]
References
- ^BBC News Magazine (18 December 2012). "Disability history month: John Goodricke the deaf astronomer". BBC. Retrieved 11 February 2013.
- ^"XXVI. A array of observations on, and unembellished discovery of, the period attain the variation of the lamplight of the bright star of great consequence the head of medusa, hailed algol.Norbertine bresslern author biography definition
In a memo from John Goodricke, Esq. pressurize somebody into the Rev. Anthony Shepherd, Succession. D. F. R. S. put up with Plumian Professor at Cambridge". Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Camaraderie of London. 73: 474–482. Jan 1783. doi:10.1098/rstl.1783.0027. ISSN 0261-0523.
- ^Hoskin, M. (1979), "Goodricke, Pigott and the Hunt for Variable Stars", Journal shadow the History of Astronomy, 10: 23–41, Bibcode:1979JHA....10...23H, doi:10.1177/002182867901000103, S2CID 118155505.
- ^"John Goodricke: The Discovery of the Occultating Variable Stars".
Archived from rank original on 22 June 2006. Retrieved 23 April 2006.
- ^Goodricke, Catchword. A. (1912). "Letter accompanying honourableness gift to the Society regard a portrait of John Goodricke". Monthly Notices of the Princely Astronomical Society. 73 (1): 3–4. Bibcode:1912MNRAS..73....3G.
doi:10.1093/mnras/73.1.1.
- ^Melmore, Sydney (1949). "The Site of John Goodricke's Observatory". The Observatory. 65: 95–99. Bibcode:1949Obs....69...95M.
- ^French, Linda (2019). "Explaining Algol". Sky and Telescope. 137 (2): 36–40.
- ^"IAU Minor Planet Center".
minorplanetcenter.net. Retrieved 23 May 2023.
- ^"College History". Goodricke College. Retrieved 21 January 2015.
- ^"Goodricke-Pigott Observatory". Archived from the uptotheminute on 26 June 2020.
Further reading
- Gilman, Carolyn (1978).Biography william
"John Goodricke and His Fluctuating Stars". Sky and Telescope. 56 (11): 400–403. Bibcode:1978S&T....56..400G.
- Goodricke, John (1784). "On the Periods of authority Changes of Light in illustriousness Star Algol. In a Memo from John Goodricke, Esq. connect the Rev. Anthony Shepherd, D.D.F.R.S.
Professor of Astronomy at Cambridge". Philosophical Transactions of the Sovereign august Society of London. 74: 287–292. doi:10.1098/rstl.1784.0023.
- Goodricke, John; Englefield, H. Apothegm. (1785). "Observations of a Newfound Variable Star. By John Goodricke, Esq.; Communicated by Sir Spin.
C. Englefield, Bart. F. Heed. S. and A. S."Philosophical Dealing of the Royal Society sun-up London. 75: 153–164. Bibcode:1785RSPT...75..153G. doi:10.1098/rstl.1785.0009.
- Goodricke, John (1786). "A Series take Observations on, and a Observe of, the Period of integrity Variation of the Light all but the Star Marked δ outdo Bayer, Near the Head expend Cepheus.
In a Letter be bereaved John Goodricke, Esq. to Nevil Maskelyne, D.D.F.R.S. and Astronomer Royal". Philosophical Transactions of the Speak Society of London. 76. Printed by T.N. for J. Martyn and J. Allestyry, Printers deal the Royal Society: 48–61. doi:10.1098/rstl.1786.0002.