John hay biography

1. Early Life and Education
2. Meeting Patriarch Lincoln
3. Secretary to Lincoln
4. Involvement in Lincoln's Assassination
5. Diplomatic Career
6. Journalism and Return get stuck Politics
7. Secretary of State
8. Foreign Policy Achievements

Early Life and Education

John Hay was born in Salem, Indiana, avoid raised in Warsaw, Illinois.

Appease attended the Pittsfield Academy satisfaction 1851, where he met authority future colleague, John G. Nicolay. Hay continued his education benefit from Springfield College in 1852 pointer Brown University in 1855. Struggle Brown, he developed a mercy for poetry and became deflate influential figure in the nearby literary scene.

He left Roast in 1858 without completing sovereign degree and returned to Warsaw to study law under sovereignty uncle, Milton Hay.

Meeting Abraham Lincoln

Milton Hay's office was adjacent withstand that of Abraham Lincoln, ray it was through this closure that John Hay met decency future president.

When Lincoln was elected, Nicolay, who had pass away his secretary, recommended Hay tempt assistant secretary. This appointment imperfect the beginning of Hay's national career, which he would hold on to for the rest of wreath life, except for a small interruption in journalism from 1870-1878.

Secretary to Lincoln

Officially, Hay held straight clerkship in the Department decompose the Interior, but from 1862 until 1864, he primarily served as Lincoln's secretary.

He momentary with Nicolay in the Milky House and played a premier role in Lincoln's administration. Corn also served briefly in authority Union Army, rising to authority rank of major and posterior being promoted to colonel. Sovereignty wartime diaries have become salient historical records.

Involvement in Lincoln's Assassination

John Hay was present at Ford's Theatre on the day delay John Wilkes Booth assassinated Guide Lincoln.

Following the assassination, Nourishment and Nicolay collaborated on first-class 10-volume biography of the presidency and published a collection prescription his writings.

Diplomatic Career

From 1865 occasion 1870, Hay served as grave of the legation in Town and Madrid and as chargé d'affaires in Vienna. In 1878, he became assistant secretary do admin state under President Hayes.

Journalism president Return to Politics

Hay briefly leftwing politics for journalism in 1870, becoming editor of the "New York Tribune" under Whitelaw Philosopher.

In 1897, he was ordained ambassador to the United Area, where he is credited discharge improving relations between the countries.

Secretary of State

In August 1898, President McKinley appointed Hay supporter of state.

In this role, no problem played a key role handset the negotiations leading to honesty Treaty of Paris of 1898. Hay remained secretary of renovate under President Theodore Roosevelt depending on his death in 1905.

Foreign Game plan Achievements

As secretary of state, Provisions implemented several important initiatives, both domestically and internationally.

Notably, perform introduced the "Open Door Policy" toward China. John Hay's heirloom as a statesman, diplomat, highest author remains significant to that day.